{"id":1151,"date":"2017-10-30T04:57:43","date_gmt":"2017-10-30T04:57:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fir3netwp.gmsrrpobkbd.com\/2017\/10\/30\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang\/"},"modified":"2021-07-31T17:13:14","modified_gmt":"2021-07-31T17:13:14","slug":"how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html","title":{"rendered":"How to Configure a Cisco CSR using NETCONF\/YANG"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662966ceb0805\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662966ceb0805\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Introduction\" title=\"Introduction\">Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Environment\" title=\"Environment\">Environment<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Enable_NETCONFYANG\" title=\"Enable NETCONF\/YANG\">Enable NETCONF\/YANG<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Dependencies\" title=\"Dependencies\">Dependencies<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Steps\" title=\"Steps\">Steps<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Confirm_Capabilities\" title=\"Confirm Capabilities\">Confirm Capabilities<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Gather_YANG_Models\" title=\"Gather YANG Models\">Gather YANG Models<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Confirm_Imports\" title=\"Confirm Imports\">Confirm Imports<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Save_YANG_Models\" title=\"Save YANG Models\">Save YANG Models<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Build_Python_Binding\" title=\"Build Python Binding\">Build Python Binding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Model_Changes\" title=\"Model Changes\">Model Changes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Apply_Changes\" title=\"Apply Changes\">Apply Changes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#Confirm_Changes\" title=\"Confirm Changes\">Confirm Changes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\/#References\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Within this tutorial we will use NETCONF and YANG to configure an interface upon a Cisco CSR router using a combination of Python and the BASH CLI.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore we will use 2 main tools\u00a0&#8211; <strong>Pyang<\/strong> and <strong>Pyangbind<\/strong>. Before we start lets have a quick overview on what these tools do,<\/p>\n<p class=\"quote\"><strong>Pyang<\/strong> is a YANG validator, transformator and code generator, written in python. It can be used to validate YANG modules for correctness, to transform YANG modules into other formats, and to generate code from the modules.<br \/>\n&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mbj4668\/pyang\">https:\/\/github.com\/mbj4668\/pyang<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"quote\"><strong>PyangBind<\/strong> is a plugin for Pyang that generates a Python class hierarchy from a YANG data model. The resulting classes can be directly interacted with in Python.<br \/>\n&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/robshakir\/pyangbind\">https:\/\/github.com\/robshakir\/pyangbind<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Environment\"><\/span>Environment<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Before we start there are a few things we need to cover.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enable_NETCONFYANG\"><\/span>Enable NETCONF\/YANG<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>First of all NETCONF and YANG must be enabled. To do so, simply enter the following,<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">csr1000v(config)# netconf-yang<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dependencies\"><\/span>Dependencies<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The following Python modules will also need to be installed.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">sudo pip install ncclient pyang pyangbind\r\nsudo pip install git+https:\/\/github.com\/rickd3\/commontools.git<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Steps\"><\/span>Steps<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We will now guide you through the various steps required in updating the CSR using NETCONF\/YANG. To summarize the steps,<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>First the capabilities of the device are confirmed. In other words we clarify what models and YANG operations are supported by the device.<\/li>\n<li>A NETCONF session is established to the device (via the ncclient module).<\/li>\n<li>The capabilities of the device retrieved.<\/li>\n<li>The YANG model that we will be using is reviewed for any imports. All YANG models are then saved as individual files.<\/li>\n<li>Pyangbind is then used to create a Python binding file to provide a Python (class) representation of the model within Python (when imported).<\/li>\n<li>The Pybind file is then imported into Python and worked upon. Applying the required changes to our model. The model is then saved to file as JSON.<\/li>\n<li>The JSON file is reconverted to XML, then applied to the device via NETCONF.<\/li>\n<li>Finally, the changes are confirmed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Confirm_Capabilities\"><\/span>Confirm Capabilities<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The first thing in the workflow of NETCONF and YANG is to confirm the device capabilities and supported YANG models.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">from file import read_file, write_file\r\nfrom ncclient import manager\r\n\r\nm = manager.connect(host='10.29.1.110', port=830, username='cisco',\r\n                    password='cisco', device_params={'name': 'csr'})\r\n\r\nfor c in m.server_capabilities:\r\n    print c\r\n\r\n...\r\nurn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:smiv2:SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB?module=SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB&amp;revision=2002-10-14\r\n\r\nurn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:cisco-policy-target?module=cisco-policy-target&amp;revision=2016-03-30\r\nurn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:smiv2:CISCO-CBP-TARGET-TC-MIB?module=CISCO-CBP-TARGET-TC-MIB&amp;revision=2006-03-24\r\nurn:ietf:params:netconf:capability:notification<\/pre>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\"><!--..omitted..--><\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gather_YANG_Models\"><\/span>Gather YANG Models<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Confirm_Imports\"><\/span>Confirm Imports<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>The model that we will use to config the interface will be <span class=\"codeinline\">ietf-ip<\/span>.\u00a0 However we must also check for any imports. What is an import? As defined by RFC 6020, it is,<\/p>\n<p class=\"quote\">The &#8220;import&#8221; statement makes definitions from one module available inside another module or submodule.<\/p>\n<p>We can do this by printing the YANG modules schema. Like so,<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">print m.get_schema('ietf-ip') \r\n\r\n...\r\n\r\nimport ietf-interfaces {\r\n   prefix if;\r\n }\r\n import ietf-inet-types {\r\n   prefix inet;\r\n }\r\n import ietf-yang-types {\r\n   prefix yang;\r\n }<\/pre>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Save_YANG_Models\"><\/span>Save YANG Models<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>After confirming all of the YANG models that are required, we save each model to a file.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">yang_models = [\"ietf-interfaces\", \"ietf-inet-types\", \"ietf-yang-types\"]\r\n\r\nfor model in yang_models:\r\n    schema = m.get_schema(model)\r\n    write_file(schema.data, \"{}.yang\".format(model))<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Build_Python_Binding\"><\/span>Build Python Binding<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>We will now build the Python YANG binding, which is done via the PyandBind plugin for pyang.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/robshakir\/pyangbind\">PyangBind<\/a> is a plugin for Pyang that generates a Python class hierarchy from a YANG data model. Interaction to resulting classes can then be performed within Python.<\/p>\n<p>First, let us define the path of PyangBind as an environment variable.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">$ export PYBINDPLUGIN=`\/usr\/bin\/env python -c \\\r\n\t'import pyangbind; import os; print \"%s\/plugin\" % os.path.dirname(pyangbind.__file__)'`\r\n$ echo $PYBINDPLUGIN<\/pre>\n<p>We then run Pyang, using the Pyangbind module. Within the command we set the file type, the output filename and the YANG models we are ingesting.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">$ pyang --plugindir $PYBINDPLUGIN -f pybind -o ietf_ip_binding.py ietf-ip.yang ietf-interfaces.yang ietf-inet-types.yang<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Model_Changes\"><\/span>Model Changes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Now that we have our Python binding, we can import this and work upon the model using the standard Python features.<\/p>\n<p>First we import the binding,<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">from ietf_ip_binding import ietf_interfaces\r\nfrom pprint import pprint\r\n\r\nmodel = ietf_interfaces()\r\nmodel.get()\r\n\r\n...\r\n\r\n{'interfaces-state': {'interface': OrderedDict()}, 'interfaces': {'interface': OrderedDict()}}\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Lets add an interface to the model,<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">interface_ge3 = model.interfaces.interface.add('GigabitEthernet3')\r\npprint(interface_ge3.get())\r\n\r\n...\r\n\r\n{'description': u'',\r\n 'enabled': True,\r\n 'ipv4': {'address': OrderedDict(),\r\n          'enabled': True,\r\n          'forwarding': False,\r\n          'mtu': 0,\r\n          'neighbor': OrderedDict()},\r\n 'ipv6': {'address': OrderedDict(),\r\n          'autoconf': {'create-global-addresses': True,\r\n                       'create-temporary-addresses': False,\r\n                       'temporary-preferred-lifetime': 86400L,\r\n                       'temporary-valid-lifetime': 604800L},\r\n          'dup-addr-detect-transmits': 1L,\r\n          'enabled': True,\r\n          'forwarding': False,\r\n          'mtu': 0L,\r\n          'neighbor': OrderedDict()},\r\n 'link-up-down-trap-enable': u'',\r\n 'name': u'GigabitEthernet3',\r\n 'type': u''}<\/pre>\n<p>Great. Lets make some changes to the interface (add ip\/mask and admin down),<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">interface_ge3.enabled = False\r\ninterface_ge3_addr = interface_ge3.ipv4.address.add('2.2.2.2')\r\ninterface_ge3_addr.netmask = '255.255.0.0'\r\n\r\npprint(interface_ge3.get())\r\n\r\n...\r\n\r\n{'description': u'',\r\n  'enabled': False,\r\n  'ipv4': {'address': OrderedDict([('2.2.2.2', {'ip': u'2.2.2.2', 'netmask': u'255.255.0.0', 'prefix-length': 0})]),\r\n           'enabled': False,\r\n           'forwarding': False,\r\n           'mtu': 1460,<\/pre>\n<p>This model is then saved back into a file. Please note : Pyang currently only supports JSON as a data type for export.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">import pyangbind.lib.pybindJSON as pybindJSON\r\nfrom file import read_file, write_file\r\n\r\njson_data = pybindJSON.dumps(model, mode='ietf')\r\nwrite_file(json_data, \"interface_ge3.json\")<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apply_Changes\"><\/span>Apply Changes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Before we apply the changes, we must convert our JSON YANG model back to XML. Like so,<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">pyang -f jtox -o interface.jtox ietf-ip.yang ietf-interfaces.yang ietf-inet-types.yang ietf-yang-types.yang\r\njson2xml -t config -o interface_ge3.xml interface.jtox interface_ge3.json<\/pre>\n<p>Now that we have the YANG model as XML, we use NETCONF to perform the\u00a0<span class=\"codeinline\">&lt;edit-config&gt;<\/span>\u00a0operation upon the device, which will apply the changes into our requested datastore (running).<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">from file import read_file, write_file\r\nfrom ncclient import manager\r\n\r\nm = manager.connect(host='10.29.1.110', port=830, username='cisco',\r\n                    password='cisco', device_params={'name': 'csr'})\r\n\r\nxml = read_file(\"interface_ge3.xml\")\r\nif m.edit_config(target='running', config=xml):\r\n    print \"success\"\r\nelse:\r\n    print \"unsuccessful\"\r\n\r\nm.close_session()<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Confirm_Changes\"><\/span>Confirm Changes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>To confirm our changes have been made we can go onto the device and issue a <span class=\"codeinline\">show run<\/span> against the interface.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"prettyprint\">csr1000v#show run interface GigabitEthernet3\r\nBuilding configuration...\r\n\r\nCurrent configuration : 147 bytes\r\n!\r\ninterface GigabitEthernet3\r\n description to iosv-1\r\n ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.0.0\r\n shutdown\r\n negotiation auto\r\n no mop enabled\r\n no mop sysid\r\nend<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/networkop.co.uk\/blog\/2017\/01\/25\/netconf-intro\/\">http:\/\/networkop.co.uk\/blog\/2017\/01\/25\/netconf-intro\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Within this tutorial we will use NETCONF and YANG to configure an interface upon a Cisco CSR router using a combination of Python and the BASH CLI. Furthermore we will use 2 main tools\u00a0&#8211; Pyang and Pyangbind. Before we start lets have a quick overview on what these tools do, Pyang is a YANG &#8230; <a title=\"How to Configure a Cisco CSR using NETCONF\/YANG\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Configure a Cisco CSR using NETCONF\/YANG\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1150,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1266],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Configure a Cisco CSR using NETCONF\/YANG - Fir3net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Introduction Within this tutorial we will use NETCONF and YANG to configure an interface upon a Cisco CSR router using a combination of Python and the\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Networking\/Concepts-and-Terminology\/how-to-configure-a-cisco-csr-using-netconf-yang.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Configure a Cisco CSR using NETCONF\/YANG - 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