{"id":650,"date":"2014-10-21T07:56:00","date_gmt":"2014-10-21T07:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fir3netwp.gmsrrpobkbd.com\/2014\/10\/21\/mitigating-network-attacks-on-the-juniper-srx\/"},"modified":"2021-07-31T17:17:12","modified_gmt":"2021-07-31T17:17:12","slug":"mitigating-network-attacks-on-the-juniper-srx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html","title":{"rendered":"Mitigating Network Attacks on the Juniper SRX"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Juniper SRX provides an extensive set of options to block and prevent both internal and external based network attacks.<\/p>\n<p>Within this article we will look at the various options and settings to block,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sweeps<\/strong> &#8211; Horizontal scans, i.e scans across an IP range.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Port Scans<\/strong> &#8211; Vertical scans, i.e scans across multiple ports on a single server.<\/li>\n<li><strong>IP Protection<\/strong> &#8211; Mitigating IP based attacks such as IP spoofing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Basic DoS Protection<\/strong> &#8211; Mitigation against simple forms of DoS attacks such as Teardrop.<\/li>\n<li><strong>TCP Protection<\/strong> &#8211; Protection against attacks using TCP headers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>TCP\/UDP SYN Floods<\/strong> &#8211; Protection against Flood attacks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Session\u00a0Limitation\/Protection<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; SYN cookies, session limits etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Each of these settings are configured either within Screen or within the global flow options. What is Screen ?<\/p>\n<p>Screen is a feature that allows to you configure and block various layer 3-4 attacks by configuring a screen object and then assigning it to a zone.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"uk-badge\">NOTE <\/span> Throughout this article the screen object name &#8216;untrusted-screen&#8217; is used within the Screen configuration examples.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-66284db5b6bb1\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-66284db5b6bb1\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Sweeps\" title=\"Sweeps\">Sweeps<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Port_Scan\" title=\"Port Scan\">Port Scan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#IP_Spoofing\" title=\"IP Spoofing\">IP Spoofing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#TCP_protection\" title=\"TCP protection\">TCP protection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Basic_DoS_protection\" title=\"Basic DoS protection\">Basic DoS protection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#TCPSYN_FloodS\" title=\"TCP\/SYN FloodS\">TCP\/SYN FloodS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#TCP\" title=\"TCP\">TCP<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#SYN_Flood_Protection_Modes\" title=\"SYN Flood Protection Modes\">SYN Flood Protection Modes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#UDP\" title=\"UDP\">UDP<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Session_LIMITATIONProtection\" title=\"Session LIMITATION\/Protection\">Session LIMITATION\/Protection<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#SYN-ACK-ACK_Proxy_attack\" title=\"SYN-ACK-ACK Proxy attack\">SYN-ACK-ACK Proxy attack<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Session_Limits\" title=\"Session Limits\">Session Limits<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Aggressive_Aging\" title=\"Aggressive Aging\">Aggressive Aging<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#ASSIGN_Screen_Policy\" title=\"ASSIGN Screen Policy\">ASSIGN Screen Policy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#Show_Commands\" title=\"Show Commands\">Show Commands<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\/#References\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sweeps\"><\/span>Sweeps<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A sweep can be used to identify active hosts and services on the network. Attacks will typically sweep an IP range looking for responses (i.e open ports).\u00a0 This is also know as a horizontal scan.<\/p>\n<p>Within the sweep examples below we set the threshold to 1 million microseconds (1 sec). During this time a maximum of 10 SYNs\/UDP\/ICMP packets can be sent from a single IP.<\/p>\n<p class=\"codemulti\">set security screen ids-option untrusted-screen icmp ip-sweep threshold 1000000<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrusted-screen tcp tcp-sweep threshold 1000000<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrusted-screen udp udp-sweep threshold 1000000<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Port_Scan\"><\/span>Port Scan<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Also know as a vertical scan. A port scan is when the attacker scans for multiple ports on a single server.<\/p>\n<p>Within the port-scan example below we limit destination to accept packets from the same source IP to max of 10 different ports in 1 million microseconds (1 sec).<\/p>\n<p class=\"codemulti\">set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp port-scan threshold 1000000<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IP_Spoofing\"><\/span>IP Spoofing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To protect against IP spoofing the IP spoof screen performs a uRPF check on the source IP address. The return traffic is then checked to ensure that it was routed via the same path that it came in on.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen ip spoofing<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCP_protection\"><\/span>TCP protection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To prevent rogue TCP packets (i.e no TCP flag etc) \u00a0the TCP Screen can be used. Below provides some common examples,<\/p>\n<p class=\"codemulti\">set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp tcp-no-flag<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-fin<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-frag<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basic_DoS_protection\"><\/span>Basic DoS protection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>To block against some of the more basic types of DoS attacks Screens can once again be used. Below provides provides some examples,<\/p>\n<p class=\"codemulti\">set security screen ids-option untrust-screen icmp ping-death<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp winnuke<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrust-screen ip tear-drop<br \/>\nset security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp land<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCPSYN_FloodS\"><\/span>TCP\/SYN FloodS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>One of the most common attacks of recent years are flood attacks. Though not as common today, you will typically find the attacker starting with a form of flood attack before moving onto a full Layer-7 DDoS. This is normally because the resources and overhead required for a SYN Flood are far less than what is needed for a full Layer-7 DDoS attack. Flood attacks work by sending a large number of connection requests (i.e such as SYNs) in an attempt to overwhelm the servers\/firewalls connection table.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TCP\"><\/span>TCP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Lets look at the various TCP Flood options available.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Embryonic\u00a0Timeouts<\/strong> &#8211; Limit the amount of time before an embryonic connection is cleared from the connection table.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-flood timeout 10<\/pre>\n<p><strong>SYN Limits<\/strong> &#8211; Limit the number of SYN packets allowed per destination, per port number, per second. Once reached the SRX proxies the 3WHS.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-flood attack-threshold 1500<\/pre>\n<p><strong>SYN-Flood per source<\/strong> &#8211; Limit the number of SYN packets allowed per source IP address.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-flood source-threshold 200<\/pre>\n<p><strong>SYN-Flood per destination<\/strong> &#8211; Limit the number of SYN packets allowed per destination IP address.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-flood destination-threshold 200<\/pre>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SYN_Flood_Protection_Modes\"><\/span>SYN Flood Protection Modes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>To instruct the SRX to either SYN Cookie or SYN Proxy any further connection requests (once the SYN thresholds are reached) the following global configuration options are available.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SYN Cookie<\/strong> &#8211; SYN Cookies work by the SRX replying to all initial SYN packets with a SYN\/ACK packet that contains the original source, destination and port numbers as an encrypted hash as the ISN (Initial Sequence number). The SRX then discards this information and the SYN is not placed into the session table. Should the client respond with the ACK then the session is rebuilt.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SYN Proxy<\/strong> &#8211; The 3WHS is proxied and built before being passed onto the backend server.<\/p>\n<pre># enables syn-cookie mode  set security flow syn-flood-protection-mode syn-cookie \r\n# enables syn-proxy mode set security flow syn-flood-protection-mode syn-proxy<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"UDP\"><\/span>UDP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>To protect against UDP flood attacks the following option can be used. This limits the number of UDP packets allowed on a per second basis.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen udp flood threshold 50000<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Session_LIMITATIONProtection\"><\/span>Session LIMITATION\/Protection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SYN-ACK-ACK_Proxy_attack\"><\/span>SYN-ACK-ACK Proxy attack<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A SYN-ACK-ACK proxy attack occurs when the attacker keeps acknowledging SYN-ACKs that have been proxied by the SRX for authentication user\u00a0based sessions (during the 3WHS). This results in the connection tabling filling up and legitimate sessions being denied.<\/p>\n<p>Below the number of connections allowed per source IP (via proxied SYN-ACKs) is defined.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen tcp syn-ack-ack-proxy threshold 500<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Session_Limits\"><\/span>Session Limits<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>To limit the amount of sessions to a single destination the<span class=\"codeinline\">limit-session<\/span>option is used.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Destination<\/strong> &#8211; Limit the amount of sessions per destination IP.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen limit-session limit-session destination-ip-based 1000<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Source<\/strong> &#8211; Limit the amount of sessions per source IP.<\/p>\n<pre>set security screen ids-option untrust-screen limit-session limit-session source-ip-based 1000<\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aggressive_Aging\"><\/span>Aggressive Aging<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>To prevent a situation were the session table becomes full and the SRX is unable to build new sessions Aggressive Aging can be enabled. Aggressive aging allows you to define at what point\u00a0inactive sessions are removed from the table. Within the Aggressive Aging feature there are 3 values that must be configured &#8211; <span class=\"codeinline\">lower-watermark<\/span>, <span class=\"codeinline\">high-watermark<\/span>\u00a0and <span class=\"codeinline\">early-ageout<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Early-ageout<\/strong> &#8211; How long the session must be inactive for before it is removed from the session table.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #5f5f5f; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; background-color: #ffffff;\">set security flow aging early-ageout 30<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Low-watermark<\/strong> &#8211; % of session table when aggressive ageing is triggered<\/p>\n<pre style=\"padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #5f5f5f; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; background-color: #ffffff;\">set security flow aging low-watermark 70<\/pre>\n<p><strong>High-watermark<\/strong> &#8211; % of session table when aggressive ageing is de-activated.<\/p>\n<pre style=\"padding: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: #5f5f5f; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; background-color: #ffffff;\">set security flow aging high-watermark 90<\/pre>\n<p>To check the idle timeout of an application the command\u00a0<span class=\"codeinline\">request pfe execute target fwdd command &#8220;show usp app-def tcp&#8221;<\/span> is used.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ASSIGN_Screen_Policy\"><\/span>ASSIGN Screen Policy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Screens are applied at the zone level. Once you have configured your screen object you can assign it accordingly using the following command.<\/p>\n<pre># set security zones security-zone trust screen untrust-screen<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Show_Commands\"><\/span>Show Commands<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table class=\"table\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Command\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>show security screen ids-option\u00a0&lt;screen object name&gt;<\/td>\n<td>show configured values\/settings<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>show security screen statistics zone &lt;zone name&gt;<\/td>\n<td>show screen statistics for zone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>show security flow session summary<\/td>\n<td>show session counts.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>show chassis routing-engine<\/td>\n<td>show cpu and memory levels.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<dl class=\"uk-description-list-horizontal\">\n<dt>DoS Attacks<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/www.juniper.net_techpubs_en_US_junos12.1x47_information-products_pathway-pages_security_security-attack-denial-of-service.pdf\">http:\/\/www.juniper.net\/techpubs\/en_US\/junos12.1&#215;47\/information-products\/pathway-pages\/security\/security-attack-denial-of-service.pdf<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Aggressive Aging<\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"http:\/\/kb.juniper.net\/InfoCenter\/index?page=content&amp;id=KB27026\">http:\/\/kb.juniper.net\/InfoCenter\/index?page=content&amp;id=KB27026<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Juniper SRX provides an extensive set of options to block and prevent both internal and external based network attacks. Within this article we will look at the various options and settings to block, Sweeps &#8211; Horizontal scans, i.e scans across an IP range. Port Scans &#8211; Vertical scans, i.e scans across multiple ports on &#8230; <a title=\"Mitigating Network Attacks on the Juniper SRX\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Firewalls\/Juniper\/srx-screen.html\" aria-label=\"Read more about Mitigating Network Attacks on the Juniper SRX\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":648,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mitigating Network Attacks on the Juniper SRX - Fir3net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Juniper SRX provides an extensive set of options to block and prevent both internal and external based network attacks. 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