{"id":990,"date":"2016-06-25T11:14:00","date_gmt":"2016-06-25T11:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fir3netwp.gmsrrpobkbd.com\/2016\/06\/25\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2\/"},"modified":"2023-01-15T22:47:37","modified_gmt":"2023-01-15T22:47:37","slug":"aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html","title":{"rendered":"AWS &#8211; What is Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud<\/strong> (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.<sup>[1]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>EC2 is divided into various &#8220;families&#8221; or instance types. EC2 instances are designed to host different workloads, such as database, web or application services. The customer has root access to the instance, which can be spun up or down via the AWS portal or programmatically with an API call. Instances can be provisioned very quickly and are designed to scale both vertically and horizontally .<\/p>\n<p>EC2 has a lot of flexibility with networking and integration with other AWS services. Each EC2 is deployed in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-virtual-private-cloud-vpc.html\">Virtual Private Network<\/a> (VPC). This is a virtual network defined by the user and allows have complete control the virtual networking environment, including selection of an IP address range, creation of subnets, and configuration of route tables and network gateways.<sup>[2]<\/sup><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6626512f4ae69\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6626512f4ae69\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#Pricing_Options\" title=\"Pricing Options\">Pricing Options<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#Instance_Types\" title=\"Instance Types\">Instance Types<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#EBS_Elastic_Block_Storage\" title=\"EBS (Elastic Block Storage)\">EBS (Elastic Block Storage)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#EFS_Elastic_File_System\" title=\"EFS (Elastic File System)\">EFS (Elastic File System)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#Volume_vs_Snapshots\" title=\"Volume vs Snapshots\">Volume vs Snapshots<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#Volume_Creation\" title=\"Volume Creation\">Volume Creation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#RAID\" title=\"RAID\">RAID<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#Application_Consistent_Snapshots\" title=\"Application Consistent Snapshots\">Application Consistent Snapshots<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#AMI\" title=\"AMI\">AMI<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#MetaData\" title=\"MetaData\">MetaData<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#Placement_Groups\" title=\"Placement Groups\">Placement Groups<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\/#References\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pricing_Options\"><\/span>Pricing Options<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are 3 main options when purchasing an EC2 instance, <strong>On Demand<\/strong>, <strong>Reserved<\/strong> and <strong>Spot<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>On Demand<\/strong> &#8211; You pay a fixed rate by the hour with no commitment or up-front payment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reserved<\/strong> &#8211; The capacity is reserved for 1 or 3 year terms via an upfront cost. This provids a greater discount over On Demand.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Spot<\/strong> &#8211; Unused EC2 capacity is auctioned, allowing you to bid for capacity between certain times. This provides very low compute prices over On Demand and Reserved. One small point to note, if your instance is terminated by AWS due to the spot price you will not be charged for the partial hour. However should you terminate the instance, you will be charged for the hour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Instance_Types\"><\/span>Instance Types<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>EC2 provides a range of instance types, each optimized to deal with different workloads. They are,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>I2 and D2<\/strong> &#8211; Storage Optimized<\/li>\n<li><strong>R3 and X1<\/strong> &#8211; Memory Optimized instances<\/li>\n<li><strong>T2<\/strong> \u2013 Burstable instances<\/li>\n<li><strong>M3 and M4<\/strong> &#8211; General Purpose instances<\/li>\n<li><strong>C3 and C4<\/strong> &#8211; Compute Optimized instances<\/li>\n<li><strong>G2<\/strong> &#8211; GPU instances<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EBS_Elastic_Block_Storage\"><\/span>EBS (Elastic Block Storage)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Amazon&#8217;s Block Storage<\/strong> (EBS) offering allows to you to create block-level storage volumes and assign these to your Amazon EC2 instances. These volumes are automatically replicated within an Availability Zone to ensure resilience in the event of component failure.<\/p>\n<p>There are three volume types: <strong>General Purpose (SSD)<\/strong>, <strong>Provisioned IOPS (SSD)<\/strong>, and<strong> Magnetic<\/strong>, each providing varying levels of performance. These are shown below,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>General Purpose SSD (GP2)<\/strong> &#8211; Offers 99.999% availability. Provides 3 IOPS per GB with up to 10,000 IOPS. With the ability to burst to 3000 IOPS for short periods for volumes under 1Gb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Provisioned IOPS SSD (IO1)<\/strong> &#8211; Designed for I\/O intensive applications, providing 10,0000 IOPS plus.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magnetic<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Standard &#8211; Provides the lowest storage cost.<\/li>\n<li>Throughput Optimized HDD (ST1) &#8211; Provides better performance\/throughput over Magnetic for applications requiring up to 500MB\/s.<\/li>\n<li>Cold HDD (SC1) &#8211; Provides better performance\/throughput over Magnetic for applications requiring up to 250MB\/s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Volume snapshots can be created across AWS regions allowing you to backup and restore your data as needed.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EFS_Elastic_File_System\"><\/span>EFS (Elastic File System)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Amazons <strong>Elastic File System<\/strong> (EFS) is a file storage service for your EC2 instances. Allowing you to, unlike EBS, mount a single volume to multiple instances. Additionally EFS provides,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NFSv4 support<\/li>\n<li>Billing on used storage only<\/li>\n<li>Ability to scale up to petabytes<\/li>\n<li>Support for thousands of concurrent NFS connects<\/li>\n<li>Data storage across multiple AZ within a region<\/li>\n<li>Block Based storage<\/li>\n<li>Read after write consistency<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Volume_vs_Snapshots\"><\/span>Volume vs Snapshots<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A <strong>volume<\/strong> is a virtual hard disk that exists on EBS. Where as a <strong>snapshot<\/strong> is an incremental copy (i.e blocks that have changed since last snapshot) of a volume from a given point in time. Snapshots are stored on S3 and are encrypted automatically. Due to this volumes restored from snapshots are encrypted automatically.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"uk-badge\">NOTE <\/span> When taking a snapshot of the root device volume always stop the instance attached to the root device volume. This is because AWS will, by default, will stop the instance when this function is performed.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Volume_Creation\"><\/span>Volume Creation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Create volume within UI.<\/li>\n<li>Attach volume to instance with UI.<\/li>\n<li>Get the name of the newly created volume via <span class=\"codeinline\">lsblk<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Check it has no filesystem on it via<span class=\"codeinline\"> file -s \/dev\/&lt;volume_name&gt;<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Create and format the filesystem on the volume via <span class=\"codeinline\">mkfs -t ext4 \/dev\/&lt;volume_name&gt;<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Mount the filesystem via the commands <span class=\"codeinline\">mkdir \/fileserver &amp;&amp; mount \/dev\/&lt;volume_name&gt; \/fileserver<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RAID\"><\/span>RAID<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>RAID 5 is not recommended on EBS by AWS, due to it being good for reads but bad for writes. However RAID 0\/1\/10 should be considered instead. Additionally to provide greater IOPS multiple EBS volumes can be RAIDED together.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Application_Consistent_Snapshots\"><\/span>Application Consistent Snapshots<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>When taking a snapshot the data within the cache is excluded. This does not cause an issue for single volumes but for RAID arrays can cause interdependence to the array. There are 3 different methods to ensure the application stops writing to the disk, prior to performing a snapshot. They are Freezing the FS, unmounting the RAID Array or performing a shutdown of the instance.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AMI\"><\/span>AMI<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a master image for the creation of EC2 instances. AMIs can be thought of as templates that consist of the operating system and other additional software required to deliver a service or a portion of it.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MetaData\"><\/span>MetaData<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Metadata for each instances can be called via a REST API. To return a list of variables that can be used issue a HTTP GET to .<\/p>\n<p>Example : To obtain the public IP of the instance you can use the public-ipv4 variable, like so HTTP GET<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Placement_Groups\"><\/span>Placement Groups<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A placement group refers to the assignment of EC2 instances within a Availability Zone in order to ensure low-latency and also provide 10Gb network connectivity. This recommended for applications that require low latency, high network throughput.<\/p>\n<p>However, there are some caveats with placement groups that you should be aware of,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cannot span multiple AZ&#8217;s.<\/li>\n<li>The placement group name must be unique within the account.<\/li>\n<li>Only certain instance types can be launched within the placement group.<\/li>\n<li>AWS recommend that the same type\/family are launched within a placement group.<\/li>\n<li>Placement groups cannot be merged.<\/li>\n<li>You cannot move existing instances into a placement group.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/\">https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ec2\/<\/a><br \/>\n[2] <a>http:\/\/www.knowthecloud.com\/Providers\/cloud-server-providers.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.[1] EC2 is divided into various &#8220;families&#8221; or instance types. EC2 instances are designed to host different workloads, such as database, web or application services. The customer has root access to the instance, which can be spun up &#8230; <a title=\"AWS &#8211; What is Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) ?\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fir3net.com\/Cloud\/AWS\/aws-what-is-elastic-compute-cloud-ec2.html\" aria-label=\"Read more about AWS &#8211; What is Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) ?\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":989,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[72],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>AWS - What is Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) ? - Fir3net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. 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