The Ultimate Linux Command Reference Guide

 The Ultimate Linux Command Reference Guide


Note: This was produced with Ubuntu.

Tip: Theres quite a few in this list so I suggest that if your looking for something spefic use the search function (ctrl+F)….

a2p               – Awk to Perl translator
aconnect          – ALSA sequencer connection manager
acpi              – Shows battery status information
acpi_listen       – ACPI event listener
addr2line         – convert addresses into file names and line numbers.
akregator         – a KDE RSS Aggregator
alacarte          – edit freedesktop.org menus
alsamixer         – soundcard mixer for ALSA soundcard driver, with ncurses interface
amidi             – read from and write to ALSA RawMIDI ports
amixer            – command-line mixer for ALSA soundcard driver
amor              – a KDE creature for your desktop
aplay             – command-line sound recorder and player for ALSA soundcard driver
aplaymidi         – play Standard MIDI Files
apm               – interface with the APM subsystem
apm               – Alliance ProMotion video driver
apmsleep          – go into suspend or standby mode and wake-up later
appletproxy       – KDE kicker panel applet proxy
apport-unpack     – extract the fields of a problem report to separate files
appres           – list X application resource database
apropos           – search the manual page names and descriptions
apt-cache         – APT package handling utility – – cache manipulator
apt-cdrom         – APT CDROM management utility
apt-config        – APT Configuration Query program
apt-extracttemplates  – Utility to extract DebConf config and templates from Debian packages
apt-ftparchive    – Utility to generate index files
apt-get           – APT package handling utility – – command-line interface
aptitude          – high-level interface to the package manager
apt-key           – APT key management utility
apt-sortpkgs      – Utility to sort package index files
ar                – create, modify, and extract from archives
arecord           – command-line sound recorder and player for ALSA soundcard driver
arecordmidi       – record Standard MIDI Files
Ark               – (unknown subject)
ark               – manual page for Ark
arm2hpdl          – part of the printer driver foo2zjs
arping            – send ARP REQUEST to a neighbour host
artscat           – pipe data to sound device
artsmessage       – Utility to display aRts error messages
AS                – (unknown subject)
as                – the portable GNU assembler.
aseqdump          – show the events received at an ALSA sequencer port
aseqnet           – ALSA sequencer connectors over network
asoundconf        – utility to read and change the user’s ALSA library configuration
at                – queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution
atlantikdesigner  – game board designer for Atlantik
atobm            – bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
atq               – queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution
atrm              – queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution
autopoint         – copies standard gettext infrastructure
awk               – pattern scanning and text processing language
Baobab            – (unknown subject)
baobab            – A graphical tool to analyse disk usage
basename          – strip directory and suffix from filenames
bashbug           – report a bug in bash
batch             – queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution
bdftopcf          – convert X font from Bitmap Distribution Format to Portable Compiled Format
bdftops           – Convert X11 font from BDF to PostScript Type 1 format
bdftruncate       – generate truncated BDF font from ISO 10646-1-encoded BDF font
beforelight      – screen saver
bitmap           – bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
blinken           – electronic memory game for KDE
bmp2tiff          – create a TIFF file from a Microsoft Windows Device Independent Bitmap image file
bmtoa            – bitmap editor and converter utilities for the X Window System
bsd-write         – send a message to another user
bsh               – BeanShell: A Java scripting environment (command-line version).
c2ph              – Dump C structures as generated from *(C`cc – g – S*(C’ stabs
c89               – ANSI (1989) C compiler
c89-gcc           – ANSI (1989) C compiler
c99               – ANSI (1999) C compiler
c99-gcc           – ANSI (1999) C compiler
cal               – displays a calendar and the date of easter
calendar          – reminder service
calibrate_ppa     – pnm2ppa calibration tool
cancel            – cancel jobs
captoinfo         – convert a termcap description into a terminfo description
catchsegv         – Catch segmentation faults in programs
catman            – create or update the pre-formatted manual pages
cc                – GNU project C and C++ compiler
ccmakedep         – create dependencies in makefiles using a C compiler
cddb-slave2-properties  – manual page for Gnome cddb-slave2-properties 2.0.0
cdparanoia        – an audio CD reading utility which includes extra data verification features
cdrdao            – reads and writes CDs in disc-at-once mode
cdrecord          – write data to optical disk media
celestrongps      – Celestron GPS driver for INDI telescope control
c++filt           – Demangle C++ and Java symbols.
chage             – change user password expiry information
charmap           – character symbols to define character encodings
charset           – Set an ACM for use in one of the G0/G1 charset slots.
chattr            – change file attributes on a Linux second extended file system
chcon             – change security context
chfn              – change real user name and information
chkdupexe         – find duplicate executables
chsh              – change login shell
chvt              – change foreground virtual terminal
ciptool           – Bluetooth Common ISDN Access Profile (CIP)
cjpeg             – compress an image file to a JPEG file
cksum             – checksum and count the bytes in a file
cleanlinks        – remove dangling symbolic links and empty directories
clear             – clear the terminal screen
clear_console     – clear the console
cli               – Mono’s ECMA-CLI native code generator (Just-in-Time and Ahead-of-Time)
cli-gacutil       – Global Assembly Cache management utility.
cli-wrapper       – No manpage for this program.
cmp               – compare two files byte by byte
codepage          – extract a codepage from an MSDOS codepage file
col               – filter reverse line feeds from input
colcrt            – filter nroff output for CRT previewing
colrm             – remove columns from a file
column            – columnate lists
comm              – compare two sorted files line by line
compiz            – OpenGL window and compositing manager
compiz.real       – OpenGL window and compositing manager
compose           – execute programs via entries in the mailcap file
consolechars      – load EGA/VGA console screen font, screen-font map, and/or application-charset map.
cpan              – easily interact with CPAN from the command line
cpp               – The C Preprocessor
cpp-4.1           – The C Preprocessor
c_rehash (1ssl)      – Create symbolic links to files named by the hash values
crontab           – maintain crontab files for individual users
crontab           – tables for driving cron
csplit            – split a file into sections determined by context lines
csv2vcard         – Convert a CSV-formatted list of contacts to vCards
cups-calibrate    – ESP CUPS Printer Calibration Tool
cupsdconf         – A CUPS configuration tool
cupsdisable       – stop/start printers and classes
cupsenable        – stop/start printers and classes
cupstestdsc       – test conformance of postscript files
cupstestppd       – test conformance of ppd files
cut               – remove sections from each line of files
cvs               – Concurrent Versions System
cvs  [cvs-pserver] – The GNU Concurrent Versions System
cvs               – Concurrent Versions System support files
cvsaskpass        – prompt for a password for the CVS DCOP service
cvsservice        – a DCOP service for accessing CVS repositories
cxpm              – Check an XPM (X PixMap) file – XPM 1, 2, or 3.
dbus-cleanup-sockets  – clean up leftover sockets in a directory
dbus-daemon       – Message bus daemon
dbus-launch       – Utility to start a message bus from a shell script
dbus-monitor      – debug probe to print message bus messages
dbus-send         – Send a message to a message bus
dbus-uuidgen      – Utility to generate UUIDs
dccleancrw        – Canon (CRW) RAW photo file recovery utility
dcfujigreen       – Alternative processing for Fuji RAW images
dcfujiturn        – Alternative rotation for dcraw processed images
dcfujiturn16      – Alternative rotation for dcraw processed images
dcop              – Console DCOP client
dcopfind          – Find the DCOP reference of a KDE service
dcopserver        – KDE DCOP server
dcopstart         – Start a KDE service and return its DCOP reference
dcparse           – Extract embeded thumbnail image and print CIFF/TIFF data to screen
dcraw             – command-line decoder for raw digital photos
ddate             – converts Gregorian dates to Discordian dates
deallocvt         – deallocate unused virtual terminals
debconf           – run a debconf-using program
debconf-apt-progress  – install packages using debconf to display a progress bar
debconf-communicate  – communicate with debconf
debconf-copydb    – copy a debconf database
debconf-escape    – helper when working with debconf’s escape capability
debconf-set-selections  – insert new default values into the debconf database
debconf-show      – query the debconf database
defoma            – Debian Font Manager, a framework for automatic font configuration.
defoma-app        – configure a specific application about fonts registered in Debian Font Manager.
defoma-font       – register/unregister font(s) to Debian Font Manager
defoma-hints      – generate font hints.
defoma-id         – Manage id-cache of Debian Font Manager
defoma-subst      – Modify a rulefile of Defoma font substitution system.
defoma-user       – Debian Font Manager for users
desktop-file-install  – install a desktop file to the applications directory
desktop-file-validate  – validate a .desktop file
devdump           – Utility programs for dumping and verifying iso9660 images.
dexconf           – generate Xorg X server configuration file from debconf data
dga              – test program for the XFree86-DGA extension
dh_installdefoma  – install a defoma related scripts
dh_installxmlcatalogs  – install and register XML catalog files
dh_pycentral      – use the python-central framework to handle Python modules and extensions
dh_pysupport      – use the python-support framework to handle Python modules
diff              – compare files line by line
diff3             – compare three files line by line
diffpp            – pretty-print diff outputs with GNU enscript
dig               – DNS lookup utility
dircolors         – color setup for ls
directomatic      – Universal print filter/RIP wrapper
dirmngr           – CRL and OCSP daemon
dirmngr-client    – CRL and OCSP daemon
dirname           – strip non-directory suffix from file name
dirsplit          – splits directory into multiple with equal size
diskd             – disk daemon; wait for disk to be inserted
diskseekd         – disk seek daemon; simulates Messy Dos’ drive cleaning effect
djpeg             – decompress a JPEG file to an image file
dpkg              – package manager for Debian
dpkg-deb          – Debian package archive (.deb) manipulation tool
dpkg-query        – a tool to query the dpkg database
dpkg-split        – Debian package archive split/join tool
dprofpp           – display perl profile data
drkonqi           – KDE crash handler gives the user feedback if a program crashed
dselect           – Debian package management frontend
du                – estimate file space usage
dumpkeys          – dump keyboard translation tables
dund              – BlueZ Bluetooth dial-up networking daemon
dvd+rw-booktype   – format DVD+-RW/-RAM disk with a logical format
dvd+rw-format     – format DVD+-RW/-RAM disk
dvd+rw-mediainfo  – display information about dvd drive and disk
dvipdf            – Convert TeX DVI file to PDF using ghostscript and dvips
edit              – execute programs via entries in the mailcap file
editor            – Nano’s ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
editres          – a dynamic resource editor for X Toolkit applications
egroupwarewizard  – KDE eGroupware Wizard
eject             – eject removable media
enc2xs            – – Perl Encode Module Generator
Enchant           – (unknown subject)
enchant           – a spellchecker
enscript          – convert text files to PostScript, HTML, RTF, ANSI, and overstrikes
env               – run a program in a modified environment
envsubst          – substitutes environment variables in shell format strings
eog               – a GNOME image viewer
eps2eps           – Ghostscript PostScript “distiller”
epsffit           – fit encapsulated PostScript file (EPSF) into constrained size
eqn               – format equations for troff
esc-m             – ease viewing output of driver data
esd               – The Enlightened Sound Daemon
espeak            – A multi-lingual software speech synthesizer.
evince            – GNOME document viewer
evolution         – groupware suite for GNOME containing e-mail, calendar, addressbook, to-do list and memo tools
evolution-addressbook-export  – export addressbook content from Evoluion
ex                – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
exchange-connector-setup-2.10  – configure evolution to access an exchange server
exchangewizard    – MS Exchange Setup Wizard
exifautotran      – Transforms Exif files so that Orientation becomes 1
expand            – convert tabs to spaces
expiry            – check and enforce password expiration policy
expr              – evaluate expressions
extensionproxy    – KDE kicker panel extension proxy
extractkmdr       – extract message strings from Kommander dialogs
extractres        – filter to extract resources from a PostScript document
factor            – factor numbers
faillog           – display faillog records or set login failure limits
faillog           – login failure logging file
fax2ps            – convert a TIFF facsimile to compressed
fax2tiff          – create a TIFF Class F fax file from raw fax data
fdformat          – Low-level formats a floppy disk
fdlist            – Floppy disk mount utility
fdmount           – Floppy disk mount utility
fdmountd          – Floppy disk mount utility
fdrawcmd          – send raw commands to the floppy disk controller
fdumount          – Floppy disk mount utility
file              – determine file type
file-roller       – A compression utility for gnome
find              – search for files in a directory hierarchy
find2perl         – translate find command lines to Perl code
findsmb           – list info about machines that respond to SMB name queries on a subnet
finger            – user information lookup program
firefox           – a Web browser for X11 derived from the Mozilla browser
fix_bs_and_del    – Fix the Delete and BackSpace keys on a console
fixdlsrps         – filter to fix DviLaser/PS documents to work with PSUtils
fixfmps           – filter to fix Framemaker documents so PSUtils work
fixmacps          – filter to fix Macintosh documents with saner version of md
fixpsditps        – filter to fix Transcript psdit documents so PSUtils work
fixpspps          – filter to fix PSPrint PostScript so PSUtils work
fixscribeps       – filter to fix Scribe documents so PSUtils work
fixtpps           – filter to fix Tpscript documents to work with PSUtils
fixwfwps          – filter to fix Word for Windows documents so PSUtils work
fixwpps           – filter to fix WP documents so PSUtils work
fixwwps           – filter to fix Windows Write documents so PSUtils work
fliccd            – Finger Lakes Instruments CCD driver for INDI telescope control
floppycontrol     – floppy driver configuration utility
floppymeter       – measure raw capacity and exact rotation speed of floppy drive
fmt               – simple optimal text formatter
fold              – wrap each input line to fit in specified width
font2c            – Write PostScript Type 0 or Type 1 font as C code
font2psf          – convert a 256-character fonts to PSF format
foo2hp            – Convert Ghostscript pbmraw or bitcmyk format into a ZJS printer stream
foo2hp2600-wrapper  – Convert Postscript into a ZJS printer stream
foo2lava          – Convert Ghostscript pbmraw or bitcmyk format into a LAVAFLOW printer stream
foo2lava-wrapper  – Convert Postscript into a LAVAFLOW printer stream
foo2oak-wrapper   – Convert Postscript into an OAKT printer stream
foo2xqx           – Convert Ghostscript pbmraw into a XQX printer stream
foo2xqx-wrapper   – Convert Postscript into a XQX printer stream
foo2zjs           – Convert Ghostscript pbmraw or bitcmyk format into a ZJS printer stream
foo2zjs-icc2ps    – part of the printer driver foo2zjs
foo2zjs-wrapper   – Convert Postscript into a ZJS printer stream
foomatic-combo-xml  – <put a short description here>
foomatic-compiledb  – Compile the Foomatic printer/driver database
foomatic-configure  – the main configuration program of the foomatic printing system.
foomatic-datafile  – Generate a PPD file for a given printer/driver combo
foomatic-gswrapper  – foomatic wrapper for ghostscript
foomatic-perl-data  – generate Perl data structures from XML
foomatic-ppdfile  – Generate a PPD file for a given printer/driver combo
foomatic-ppd-options  – show the PPD options
foomatic-printjob  – manage printer jobs in a spooler-independent fashion
foomatic-rip  [lpdomatic] – Universal print filter/RIP wrapper
foomatic-rip      – Universal print filter/RIP wrapper
fping             – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
fping6            – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
free              – Display amount of free and used memory in the system
fribidi           – a command line interface for the fribidi library, converts a logical string to visual
from              – print names of those who have sent mail
f-spot            – A program to manage a photo collection
fstobdf          – generate BDF font from X font server
fsview            – a filesystem viewer that graphically shows disk usage
ftp               – Internet file transfer program
funzip            – filter for extracting from a ZIP archive in a pipe
gacutil           – Global Assembly Cache management utility.
gaim              – Instant Messaging client
Gaim (3pm)           – Perl extension the Gaim instant messenger.
Gaim-Text         – (unknown subject)
gaim-text         – A Pimpin’ Penguin console frontend for Instant Messaging client Gaim.
gcalctool         – a desktop calculator
gcc               – GNU project C and C++ compiler
gcc-4.1           – GNU project C and C++ compiler
gccbug            – Reporting GCC Bugs
gccbug-4.1        – Reporting GCC Bugs
gccmakedep        – create dependencies in makefiles using ‘gcc -M’
gcj-dbtool        – Manipulate class file mapping databases for libgcj
gcj-dbtool-4.1    – Manipulate class file mapping databases for libgcj
gconf-editor      – an editor for the GConf configuration system
gconftool         – GNOME configuration tool
gconftool-2       – GNOME configuration tool
gcov              – coverage testing tool
gcov-4.1          – coverage testing tool
gdb               – The GNU Debugger
gdbserver         – Remote Server for the GNU Debugger
gdbtui            – The GNU Debugger
gdebi             – Simple tool to install deb files
gdebi-gtk         – Simple tool to install deb files
gdialog           – display GTK+ dialogs
gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders  – GdkPixbuf loader registration utility
gedit             – text editor for the GNOME Desktop
genisoimage  [mkisofs] – create ISO9660/Joliet/HFS filesystem with optional Rock Ridge attributes
genisoimage       – create ISO9660/Joliet/HFS filesystem with optional Rock Ridge attributes
geqn              – format equations for troff
GET              – Simple command line user agent
getafm            – create an AFM file for a PostScript font.
getconf           – Query system configuration variables
getent            – get entries from administrative database
getfdprm          – print the current format information
getkeycodes       – print kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table
getopt            – parse command options (enhanced)
gettext           – translate message
gettext           – translate message
gettextize        – install or upgrade gettext infrastructure
gif2tiff          – create a TIFF file from a GIF87 format image file
gij               – GNU interpreter for Java bytecode
gij-4.1           – GNU interpreter for Java bytecode
gij-wrapper       – a wrapper around gij
gij-wrapper-4.1   – a wrapper around gij
gimp              – an image manipulation and paint program.
gimp-2.2          – an image manipulation and paint program.
gimp-remote       – tells a running GIMP to open a (local or remote) image file.
gimp-remote-2.2   – tells a running GIMP to open a (local or remote) image file.
gksu              – GTK+ frontend for su and sudo
gksudo            – GTK+ frontend for su and sudo
glewinfo          – displays GL extension info
glxdemo           – a demonstration of the GLX functions
glxgears          – “gears” demo for GLX
glxheads          – exercise multiple GLX connections
glxinfo           – show information about the GLX implementation
gnome-about       – The Gnome about box.
gnome-btdownload  – (unknown subject)
gnome-calculator  – a desktop calculator
gnome-cd          – manual page for Gnome gnome-cd 2.1.0
gnome-control-center  – Desktop properties manager
gnome-cups-add    – add new CUPS printers
gnome-cups-icon   – notification icon for CUPS printers
gnome-cups-manager  – display and edit CUPS printers
gnome-desktop-item-edit  – tool to edit .desktop file
gnome-dictionary  – Look up words on dictionaries
gnome-eject       – Mount drives and volumes using HAL and read settings from the GNOME desktop configuration system gconf.
gnome-help        – browse system documentation
gnome-keyring-manager  – A graphical key management tool.
gnome-mount       – Mount drives and volumes using HAL and read settings from the GNOME desktop configuration system gconf.
gnome-panel       – display the GNOME panel
gnome-pilot-make-password  – GNOME applet to manipulate a Palm PDA
gnome-power-manager  – gnome power manager userspace daemon
gnome-power-preferences  – gnome power preferences gui
gnome-search-tool  – the GNOME Search Tool
gnome-session     – Starts up the GNOME desktop environment
gnome-session-save  – Saves the current GNOME session (or terminates it)
gnome-sound-recorder  – manual page for Gnome grecord 2.1.0
gnome-system-log  – the GNOME System Log Viewer
gnome-system-monitor  – view and control processes
gnome-terminal    – is a terminal emulation application.
gnome-terminal.wrapper  – is a terminal emulation application.
gnome-text-editor  – text editor for the GNOME Desktop
gnome-umount      – Mount drives and volumes using HAL and read settings from the GNOME desktop configuration system gconf.
gnome-volume-control  – manual page for Gnome gnome-volume-control 2.1.0
gnome-volume-manager  – GNOME daemon to auto-mount and manage media devices
gnome-volume-properties  – configure the gnome-volume-manager daemon.
gnome-wm          – Launches the user selected window manager for the GNOME session
gnome-www-browser  – a Web browser for X11 derived from the Mozilla browser
gpasswd           – administer the /etc/group file
gpg               – OpenPGP encryption and signing tool
gpg2              – OpenPGP encryption and signing tool
gpg-agent         – Secret key management for GnuPG
gpgconf           – Modify .gnupg home directories
gpg-connect-agent  – Communicate with a running agent
gpg-convert-from-106  – converts your public keyring and trustdb from GnuPG 1.0.6 to later formats.
gpgsm             – CMS encryption and signing tool
gpgsm-gencert.sh  – Generate an X.509 certificate request
gpgsplit          – Split an OpenPGP message into packets
gpgv              – Verify OpenPGP signatures
gpgv2             – Verify OpenPGP signatures
gpic              – compile pictures for troff or TeX
gpilot-applet     – GNOME applet to manipulate a Palm PDA
gpilotd           – GNOME applet to manipulate a Palm PDA
gpilotd-control-applet  – GNOME applet to manipulate a Palm PDA
gpilotd-session-wrapper  – GNOME applet to manipulate a Palm PDA
gpilot-install-file  – gnome-pilot file conduit scheduler
gprof             – display call graph profile data
grmiregistry      – Remote object registry
grmiregistry-4.1  – Remote object registry
groff             – front-end for the groff document formatting system
grog              – guess options for groff command
grops             – PostScript driver for groff
grotty            – groff driver for typewriter-like devices
groups            – print the groups a user is in
groupwarewizard   – KDE Groupware Wizard
groupwisewizard   – Novell GroupWise Setup Wizard
growisofs         – combined genisoimage frontend/DVD recording program.
gs                – Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter and previewer)
gsbj              – Format and print text for BubbleJet printer using ghostscript
gsdj              – Format and print text for DeskJet printer using ghostscript
gsdj500           – Format and print text for DeskJet 500 BubbleJet using ghostscript
gs-esp            – Ghostscript (PostScript and PDF language interpreter and previewer)
gslj              – Format and print text for LaserJet printer using ghostscript
gslp              – Format and print text using ghostscript
gsnd              – Run ghostscript (PostScript and PDF engine) without display
gst-feedback-0.10  – generate debug info for GStreamer bug reports
gst-inspect-0.10  – print info about a GStreamer plugin or element
gst-launch-0.10   – build and run a GStreamer pipeline
gstreamer-properties  – manual page for Gnome gstreamer-properties 2.2.1.1
gst-typefind-0.10  – print MIME type of file
gst-visualise-0.10  – Run a GStreamer pipeline to display an audio visualisation
gst-xmlinspect-0.10  – print info about a GStreamer plugin or element
gst-xmllaunch-0.10  – build and run a GStreamer pipeline from an XML serialization
gtbl              – format tables for troff
gtf               – calculate VESA GTF mode lines
gThumb            – (unknown subject)
gthumb            – an image viewer and browser for GNOME
gtk-query-immodules-2.0  – Input method module registration utility
gtk-update-icon-cache  – Icon theme caching utility
gtk-window-decorator  – Compiz window decorator using the Gtk toolkit
h2ph              – convert .h C header files to .ph Perl header files
h2xs              – convert .h C header files to Perl extensions
hcitool           – configure Bluetooth connections
hd                – ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
hd                – MFM/IDE hard disk devices
head              – output the first part of files
HEAD             – Simple command line user agent
head              – output the first part of files
HEAD             – Simple command line user agent
helpztags         – generate the help tags file for directory
hexdump           – ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump
hidd              – Bluetooth HID daemon
host              – DNS lookup utility
hostid            – print the numeric identifier for the current host
hpijs             – HP IJS server for the GhostScript IJS client driver
hsqldb-databasemanager  – GUI database management tool
hsqldb-databasemanagerswing  – GUI database management tool
hsqldb-querytool  – GUI database management tool
hsqldb-sqltool    – JDBC database console frontend
hsqldb-transfer   – transfers data from one JDBC database to another
hwdb-gui          – gui frontend for the ubuntu hwdb-client
hwdb-send         – Sends data for the ubuntu hwdb-client
hwdb-xml          – collects xml data for the ubuntu hwdb-client
i486-linux-gnu-cpp  – The C Preprocessor
i486-linux-gnu-cpp-4.1  – The C Preprocessor
i486-linux-gnu-gcc  – GNU project C and C++ compiler
i486-linux-gnu-gcc-4.1  – GNU project C and C++ compiler
ical2vcal         – Convert calendars from iCal to Versit vCal format
iceauth          – ICE authority file utility
ico              – animate an icosahedron or other polyhedron
iconv             – Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another
id                – print user identity
iecset            – Set or dump IEC958 status bits
imake             – C preprocessor interface to the make utility
imgcmp            – Image comparison utility
imginfo           – Image information utility
includeres        – filter to include resources in a PostScript document
indiserver        – INDI server for telescope control under KStars
info              – read Info documents
info              – readable online documentation
infobrowser       – read Info documents
infocmp           – compare or print out terminfo descriptions
infokey           – compile customizations for Info
infotocap         – convert a terminfo description into a termcap description
install           – copy files and set attributes
instmodsh         – A shell to examine installed modules
ipcrm             – remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory id
ipcs              – provide information on ipc facilities
isodump           – Utility programs for dumping and verifying iso9660 images.
isoinfo           – Utility programs for dumping and verifying iso9660 images.
isovfy            – Utility programs for dumping and verifying iso9660 images.
ispell-wrapper    – smart wrapper for ispell
jasper            – File format converter specialized in JPEG-2000 encoding
java              – a wrapper around gij
jiv               – Image display utility
join              – join lines of two files on a common field
jpegexiforient    – reads or writes the Exif Orientation Tag
jpegorient        – change the orientations of JPEG images
jpegtran          – lossless transformation of JPEG files
juk               – music organizer and player for KDE
jvncviewer        – – Command line starter of the Java VNC viewer
kabc2mutt         – kabc to mutt converter
kaboodle          – KDE simple and lean Media Player
kaddprinterwizard  – Start the add printer wizard
kaddressbook      – The KDE Address Book
kalarm            – Personal alarm message, command and email scheduler for KDE
kalarmd           – KDE alarm daemon
kalzium           – a chemistry teaching tool for KDE
kanagram          – a letter order game for KDE
kandy             – Synchronize mobile phone address books
kandy_client      – DCOP client for Kandy
kappfinder        – searches for program to add to the Kde menu
karm              – KDE time tracker tool
kasbar            – An alternative task manager
kate              – KDE Advanced Text Editor
kaudiocreator     – CD ripper and audio encoder front-end
kbanner.kss       – Banner screen saver for KDE
kblankscrn.kss    – KDE screensaver which shows a blank screen
kblob.kss         – Blob screen saver for KDE
kbuildsycoca      – Rebuilds the system configuration cache
kcalc             – KDE Calculator
kcharselect       – KDE Character Selector
kcheckpass        – The KCheckPass authentication software
kclock.kss        – Clock screen saver for KDE
kcminit           – runs startups initialization for Control Modules.
kcolorchooser     – KDE Color Chooser
kcoloredit        – KDE Color Palette Editor
kconf_update      – KDE Tool for updating user configuration files
kcookiejar        – HTTP Cookie Daemon
kcron             – Views and sets cron daemon configuration.
kdat              – tar-based DAT archiver for KDE.
kdcop             – A graphical DCOP browser/client
kdebugdialog      – A dialog box for setting preferences for debug output
kde-config        – A little program to output installation paths
kded              – triggers Sycoca database updates when needed
kdepasswd         – graphical frontend to change the user’s password
kdeprintfax       – a interface to fax-packages
kdesu             – Runs a program with elevated privileges.
kdesud            – Runs a program with elevated privileges.
kdf               – KDE free disk space utility
kdialog           – Show KDE dialog boxes from shell scripts
kdict             – The KDE Dictionary Client
kdontchangethehostname  – Informs KDE about a change in hostname
kdvi              – KDE DVI Viewer
kedit             – KDE text editor
keditbookmarks    – Konqueror Bookmark Editor
keduca            – interactive form-based tests for KDE
keducabuilder     – test/exam editor for KEduca
keduca-shrinker   – extract a random sample from a large KEduca test file
keuphoria.kss     – Euphoria screen saver for KDE
kfax              – KDE Fax Viewer
kfile             – A commandline tool to read and modify metadata of files
kfilereplace      – Batch search and replace tool
kfind             – KDE find tool
kfiresaver.kss    – Fireworks 3D screen saver for KDE
kfloppy           – KDE Floppy Disk Utility
kflux.kss         – Flux screen saver for KDE
kfmclient         – KDE tool for opening URLs from the command line
kfountain.kss     – Particle Fountain screen saver for KDE
kget              – An advanced download manager for KDE
kghostview        – KDE PS/PDF Viewer
kgpg              – a KDE frontend for GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG)
kgravity.kss      – Particle Gravity screen saver for KDE
khangman          – the classical hangman game for KDE
khexedit          – KDE hex editor
khotkeys          – daemon to bind actions to triggers and conditions
kicker            – The KDE panel
kiconedit         – KDE Icon Editor
killall           – kill processes by name
kimagemapeditor   – an HTML image map editor for KDE
kinstalltheme     – KDE Tool to build a cache list of all pixmap themes installed
kio_http_cache_cleaner  – KDE HTTP cache maintenance tool
kio_media_mounthelper  – kio_media_mounthelper
kio_system_documenthelper  – KDE helper script used by document.desktop
kio_uiserver      – KDE Progress Information UI Server
kitchensync       – Synchronize Data with KDE
kiten             – a Japanese reference/study tool for KDE
kitengen          – index table generator for Kiten
kjobviewer        – a print job viewer
klatin            – an application to help revise/teach Latin
kleopatra         – KDE X.509 key manager
klettres          – a foreign alphabet tutor for KDE
klines.kss        – Lines screen saver for KDE
klinkstatus       – a web link validity checker for KDE
klorenz.kss       – Lorenz Attractor screen saver for KDE
kmag              – A screen magnifier for KDE
kmail             – KDE email client
kmail_antivir.sh  – H+BEDV AntiVir backend for KMail
kmail_clamav.sh   – Clam Anti-Virus backend for KMail
kmailcvt          – KMail import filters
kmail_fprot.sh    – F-Prot Anti-Virus backend for KMail
kmail_sav.sh      – Sophos Anti-Virus backend for KMail
kmailservice      – mail service
kmdr2po           – create a PO-file from a Kommander dialog
kmdr-editor       – editor for the Kommander visual dialog building tool
kmdr-executor     – executor for the Kommander visual dialog building tool
kmdr-plugins      – plugin manager for the Kommander visual dialog building tool
kmenuedit         – editor for the KDE menu
Kmix              – (unknown subject)
kmix              – KDE audio mini-mixer
kmixctrl          – Settings loader/saver for kmix
kmousetool        – KDE mouse manipulation tool
kmouth            – A type and say KDE front end for speech synthesizers
knetattach        – KDE Network Wizard
knode             – KDE news reader
knotes            – Sticky notes application for KDE
kodo              – mouse odometer for KDE
koi8rxterm        – X terminal emulator for KOI8-R environments
kolabwizard       – KDE Kolab Wizard
kolourpaint       – KDE Paint Program
konqueror         – Web browser, file manager, …
Konsole           – (unknown subject)
konsole           – X terminal emulator for KDE.
konsolekalendar   – Command line interface to KDE calendars
kontact           – Integrated KDE personal information management application
kooka             – KDE Scan & OCR Program
kopete            – A KDE-based Instant Messaging client.
korgac            – KOrganizer alarm daemon
korganizer        – Personal organizer for KDE
korn              – Sticky notes application for KDE
kpackage          – Installs, removes, and queries packages.
kpager            – KDE desktop pager
kpartsaver.kss    – Media screen saver for KDE
kpdf              – a KDE pdf viewer based on xpdf
kpendulum.kss     – Pendulum screen saver for KDE
kpersonalizer     – KDE basic settings wizard
kpilot            – Palm Pilot synchronization software for KDE
kpilotDaemon      – KPilot server
kpolygon.kss      – Polygons screen saver for KDE
kpovmodeler       – KDE Povray Modeler
kprinter          – a printer tool for KDE
krandom.kss       – Start a random KDE screen saver
kreadconfig       – Read KConfig entries (for use in shell scripts)
krec              – A voice recording program
krotation.kss     – Rotation screen saver for KDE
kruler            – KDE Screen Ruler
kscience.kss      – Science screen saver for KDE
ksendbugmail      – Sends a short bug report.
ksig              – a graphical tool for managing multiple email signatures
kslideshow.kss    – Slide Show screen saver for KDE
ksnapshot         – KDE Screen Capture Program
ksolarwinds.kss   – Solar Winds screen saver for KDE
kspace.kss        – Space screen saver for KDE
kstars            – a desktop planetarium for KDE
kstart            – Utility to launch applications with special window properties
kswarm.kss        – Swarm screen saver for KDE
ksync             – KDE synchronization framework
ksystraycmd       – Allows any application to be kept in the system tray
ksysv             – Views and sets SysV init configuration.
kteatime          – KDE utility for making a fine cup of tea
ktelnetservice    – telnet service
ktnef             – TNEF file viewer
ktouch            – a touch typing tutor for KDE
ktrash            – Helper program to handle the KDE trash can
kturtle           – an educational Logo programming environment
ktux              – Tux screen saver for KDE
kuser             – Configures users on the system.
kverbos           – a Spanish verb form study application for KDE
kview             – KDE Image Viewer
kviewshell        – Generic framework for viewer applications
kvm.kss           – Virtual Machine screen saver for KDE
kvoctrain         – a vocabulary trainer for KDE
kwatchgnupg       – GnuPG log viewer
kwave.kss         – Bitmap Wave screen saver for KDE
kweatherreport    – ask KWeatherService to display a weather report
kweatherservice   – a DCOP service to provide weather data
kwifimanager      – manual page for kwifimanager
kwikdisk          – KDE Free disk space utility
kwordquiz         – a flashcard and vocabulary learning program for KDE
kworldclock       – earth watcher for KDE
kwrite            – KDE text editor
kwriteconfig      – Write KConfig entries (for use in shell scripts)
kxkb              – A utility to switch keyboard maps
kxsconfig         – KDE X screen saver configuration tool
kxsldbg           – a graphical XSLT debugger for KDE
kxsrun            – KDE X screen saver launcher
l2ping            – Send L2CAP echo request and receive answer
last              – show listing of last logged in users
lastb             – show listing of last logged in users
lastlog           – reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user
lavadecode        – Decode a XQX stream into human readable form.
lcf               – Determine which of the historical versions of a config is installed
ld                – The GNU linker
ldd               – print shared library dependencies
less              – opposite of more
lessecho          – expand metacharacters
lessfile          – “input preprocessor” for less.
lesskey           – specify key bindings for less
lesspipe          – “input preprocessor” for less.
lexgrog           – parse header information in man pages
lftp              – Sophisticated file transfer program
lftpget           – get a file with lftp(1)
libnetcfg         – configure libnet
line              – read one line
link              – call the link function to create a link to a file
listres          – list resources in widgets
lndir             – create a shadow directory of symbolic links to another directory tree
lnkforward        – open an URL in a Windows .lnk file under KDE
lnstat            – unified linux network statistics
lnusertemp        – tool to create KDE resources and symlinks to them
locale            – Get locale-specific information.
locale            – Description of multi-language support
locale            – Describes a locale definition file
localedef         – compile locale definition files
locate            – Security Enhanced version of the GNU Locate
locate.notslocate  – list files in databases that match a pattern
logger            – a shell command interface to the syslog(3) system log module
logname           – print user’s login name
look              – display lines beginning with a given string
lorder            – list dependencies for object files
lp                – print files
lp                – line printer devices
lpoptions         – display or set printer options and defaults
lppasswd          – add, change, or delete digest passwords.
lpq               – show printer queue status
lpr               – print files
lprm              – cancel print jobs
lpstat            – print cups status information
lsattr            – list file attributes on a Linux second extended file system
lsb_release       – print distribution-specific information
lshal             – List devices and their properties
lshw              – list hardware
lsof              – list open files
lspci             – list all PCI devices
lspgpot           – extracts the ownertrust values from PGP keyrings and list them in GnuPG ownertrust format.
lsusb             – list USB devices
lsusb             – list USB devices
ltrace            – A library call tracer
lwp-download     – Fetch large files from the web
lwp-mirror       – Simple mirror utility
lwp-request      – Simple command line user agent
lwp-rget         – Retrieve web documents recursively
lx200_16          – LX200 16″ driver for INDI telescope control
lx200autostar     – LX200 Autostar driver for INDI telescope control
lx200classic      – LX200 Classic driver for INDI telescope control
lx200generic      – LX200 Generic driver for INDI telescope control
lx200gps          – LX200 GPS driver for INDI telescope control
lxterm            – locale-sensitive wrapper for xterm
lynx              – a general purpose distributed information browser for the World Wide Web
make              – GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs
makedepend        – create dependencies in makefiles
makeg             – make a debuggable executable
make-memtest86+-boot-floppy  – (unknown subject)
man               – an interface to the on-line reference manuals
man               – macros to format man pages
mandb             – create or update the manual page index caches
manpath           – determine search path for manual pages
manpath           – format of the /etc/manpath.config file
mawk              – pattern scanning and text processing language
mbchk             – check the format of a Multiboot kernel
mcookie           – generate magic cookies for xauth
mcpp              – Matsui CPP, an alternative C preprocessor
md5sum            – compute and check MD5 message digest
md5sum.textutils  – compute and check MD5 message digest
meinproc          – KDE Translator for XML
mergelib          – merge one library into another
mesg              – control write access to your terminal
METACITY          – (unknown subject)
metacity          – minimal GTK2 Window Manager
METACITY-MESSAGE  – (unknown subject)
metacity-message  – a command to send a message to Metacity
metacity-theme-viewer  – view metacity themes
metacity-window-demo  – demo of window features
min12xxw          – Convert pbmraw streams to Minolta PagePro 12xxW languages
mkafmmap          – creates font map for AFM files
mkbimage          – manual page for $Id: mkbimage, v 1.10 2002/01/01 15:24:27 tlaronde Exp $
mkdirhier         – create a directory hierarchy
mkfifo            – make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkfontdir         – create an index of X font files in a directory
mkfontscale       – create an index of scalable font files for X
mkhtmlindex       – generate index files for HTML man pages
mkhybrid          – create ISO9660/Joliet/HFS filesystem with optional Rock Ridge attributes
mkisofs           – create ISO9660/Joliet/HFS filesystem with optional Rock Ridge attributes
mk_modmap         – translate a Linux keytable file into an xmodmap file
mkpasswd          – Overfeatured front end to crypt(3)
mkzftree          – Create a zisofs/RockRidge compressed file tree
mono              – Mono’s ECMA-CLI native code generator (Just-in-Time and Ahead-of-Time)
mozilla           – a Web browser for X11 derived from the Mozilla browser
mozilla-firefox   – a Web browser for X11 derived from the Mozilla browser
mscompress        – compress data using LZ77 algorithm
msexpand          – decompress data compressed using mscompress(1) or COMPRESS.EXE
msgattrib         – attribute matching and manipulation on message catalog
msgcat            – combines several message catalogs
msgcmp            – compare message catalog and template
msgcomm           – match two message catalogs
msgconv           – character set conversion for message catalog
msgen             – create English message catalog
msgexec           – process translations of message catalog
msgfilter         – edit translations of message catalog
msgfmt            – compile message catalog to binary format
msggrep           – pattern matching on message catalog
msginit           – initialize a message catalog
msgmerge          – merge message catalog and template
msgunfmt          – uncompile message catalog from binary format
msguniq           – unify duplicate translations in message catalog
mtr               – a network diagnostic tool
multisynk         – KDE synchronization application
namei             – follow a pathname until a terminal point is found
nano              – Nano’s ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
Nautilus          – (unknown subject)
nautilus          – the GNOME File Manager
nautilus-sendto   – convenience application to send a file via email or instant messenger
nawk              – pattern scanning and text processing language
ncal              – displays a calendar and the date of easter
neqn              – format equations for ascii output
net               – Tool for administration of Samba and remote CIFS servers.
netkit-ftp        – Internet file transfer program
networkstatustestservice  – Test application for the NetworkStatus monitor
newgrp            – log in to a new group
ngettext          – translate message and choose plural form
ngettext          – translate message and choose plural form
nice              – run a program with modified scheduling priority
nl                – number lines of files
nm                – list symbols from object files
nm-applet         – Network management framework
nmblookup         – NetBIOS over TCP/IP client used to lookup NetBIOS names
nm-tool           – utility to report NetworkManager state
nm-vpn-properties  – Network management framework
noatun            – fully-featured plugin-based media player for KDE
noatunsynaescope.bin  – start the Synaescope visualisation plugin for Noatun
noatuntippecanoe.bin  – start the Tippecanoe visualisation plugin for Noatun
noatuntyler.bin   – start the Tyler visualisation plugin for Noatun
nohup             – run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
nroff             – emulate nroff command with groff
nslookup          – query Internet name servers interactively
nsupdate          – Dynamic DNS update utility
nvidia-settings   – configure the NVIDIA graphics driver
nvidia-xconfig    – manipulate X configuration files for the NVIDIA driver
objcopy           – copy and translate object files
objdump           – display information from object files.
oclock           – round X clock
od                – dump files in octal and other formats
omshell           – OMAPI Command Shell
on_ac_power       – test whether computer is running on AC power
oobase            – OpenOffice.org office suite
oocalc            – OpenOffice.org office suite
oodraw            – OpenOffice.org office suite
ooffice           – OpenOffice.org office suite
oofromtemplate    – OpenOffice.org office suite
ooimpress         – OpenOffice.org office suite
oomath            – OpenOffice.org office suite
ooweb             – OpenOffice.org office suite
oowriter          – OpenOffice.org office suite
open              – start a program on a new virtual terminal .
openoffice        – OpenOffice.org office suite
openssl (1ssl)       – OpenSSL command line tool
openssl-vulnkey   – check blacklist of compromised certificates, requests and keys
openvt            – start a program on a new virtual terminal .
over              – pretty print and scroll source code on terminal
pager             – opposite of more
pal2rgb           – convert a palette color TIFF image to a full color image
pand              – BlueZ Bluetooth PAN daemon
panel-test-applets  – display installed applets
passwd            – change user password
passwd (1ssl)        – compute password hashes
passwd            – the password file
paste             – merge lines of files
patch             – apply a diff file to an original
pathchk           – check whether file names are valid or portable
pcimodules        – List kernel driver modules available for all currently plugged in PCI devices
pcitweak          – read/write PCI config space
pcretest          – a program for testing Perl-compatible regular expressions.
pdb               – the Python debugger
pdb2.5            – the Python debugger
pdf2dsc           – generate a PostScript page list of a PDF document
pdf2ps            – Ghostscript PDF to PostScript translator
pdffonts          – Portable Document Format (PDF) font analyzer (version 3.00)
pdfimages         – Portable Document Format (PDF) image extractor (version 3.00)
pdfinfo           – Portable Document Format (PDF) document information extractor (version 3.00)
pdfopt            – Ghostscript PDF Optimizer
pdftohtml         – program to convert pdf files into html, xml and png images
pdftoppm          – Portable Document Format (PDF) to Portable Pixmap (PPM) converter (version 3.00)
pdftops           – Portable Document Format (PDF) to PostScript converter (version 3.00)
pdftotext         – Portable Document Format (PDF) to text converter (version 3.00)
perl              – Practical Extraction and Report Language
perlbug           – how to submit bug reports on Perl
perlcc            – generate executables from Perl programs
perlivp           – Perl Installation Verification Procedure
pf2afm            – Make an AFM file from Postscript (PFB/PFA/PFM) font files using ghostscript
pfbtopfa          – Convert Postscript .pfb fonts to .pfa format using ghostscript
pftp              – Internet file transfer program
pg                – browse pagewise through text files
pgrep             – look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
pic               – compile pictures for troff or TeX
pico              – Nano’s ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
piconv            – – iconv(1), reinvented in perl
pinentry          – PIN or pass-phrase entry dialog for GnuPG
pinentry-qt       – PIN or pass-phrase entry dialog for GnuPG
pinentry-x11      – PIN or pass-phrase entry dialog for GnuPG
pinky             – lightweight finger
pkg-config        – Return metainformation about installed libraries
pkill             – look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
pl2pm             – Rough tool to translate Perl4 .pl files to Perl5 .pm modules.
plog              – starts up, shuts down or lists the log of PPP connections
pmap              – report memory map of a process
pmount            – mount arbitrary hotpluggable devices as normal user
pmount-hal        – HAL-aware wrapper around pmount
pnm2ppa           – convert portable anymap (PNM) images to HP’s PPA printer format.
pod2html          – convert .pod files to .html files
pod2latex         – convert pod documentation to latex format
pod2man           – Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
pod2text          – Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
pod2usage         – print usage messages from embedded pod docs in files
podchecker        – check the syntax of POD format documentation files
podselect         – print selected sections of pod documentation on standard output
poff              – starts up, shuts down or lists the log of PPP connections
pon               – starts up, shuts down or lists the log of PPP connections
POST             – Simple command line user agent
poster            – Scale and tile a postscript image to print on multiple pages
ppm2tiff          – create a TIFF file from PPM, PGM and PBM image files
pr                – convert text files for printing
prename           – renames multiple files
print             – execute programs via entries in the mailcap file
printafm          – Print the metrics from a Postscript font in AFM format using ghostscript
printenv          – print all or part of environment
printf            – format and print data
prove             – – A command-line tool for running tests against Test::Harness
ps2ascii          – Ghostscript translator from PostScript or PDF to ASCII
ps2epsi           – generate conforming Encapsulated PostScript
ps2pdf            – Convert PostScript to PDF using ghostscript
ps2pdf12          – Convert PostScript to PDF 1.2 (Acrobat 3-and-later compatible) using ghostscript
ps2pdf13          – Convert PostScript to PDF 1.3 (Acrobat 4-and-later compatible) using ghostscript
ps2pdfwr          – Convert PostScript to PDF without specifying CompatibilityLevel, using ghostscript
ps2ps             – Ghostscript PostScript “distiller”
psbook            – rearrange pages in PostScript file into signatures
psed              – a stream editor
psfaddtable       – add a Unicode character table to a console font
psfgettable       – extract the embedded Unicode character table from a console font
psfstriptable     – remove the embedded Unicode character table from a console font
psmerge           – filter to merge several PostScript files into one
psnup             – multiple pages per sheet
psresize          – rescales and centers a document for new output paper size
psselect          – select pages from a PostScript file
pstops            – shuffle pages in a PostScript file
pstree            – display a tree of processes
pstree.x11        – display a tree of processes
pstruct           – Dump C structures as generated from *(C`cc – g – S*(C’ stabs
ptx               – produce a permuted index of file contents
pumount           – umount arbitrary hotpluggable devices as normal user
pwdx              – report current working directory of a process
pycentral         – register and build utility for Python packages
py_compilefiles   – byte-compile python .py files
pydoc             – the Python documentation tool
pydoc2.5          – the Python documentation tool
pygettext         – Python equivalent of xgettext(1)
pygettext2.5      – Python equivalent of xgettext(1)
pysupport-movemodules  – move python modules and extensions for python-support
pysupport-parseversions  – parse python-support version information files
python            – an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
python2.5         – an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
pyversions        – print python version information
quanta            – a web development environment for KDE
ranlib            – generate index to archive.
ras2tiff          – create a TIFF file from a Sun rasterfile
raw2tiff          – create a TIFF file from a raw data
rcp               – secure copy (remote file copy program)
rcs2log           – generates a changelog from RCS files
rdesktop          – Remote Desktop Protocol client
rdjpgcom          – display text comments from a JPEG file
readcd            – read or write data Compact Discs
readelf           – Displays information about ELF files.
readom            – read or write data Compact Discs
realvncconnect    – tell a VNC server to connect to a viewer
realvncpasswd     – creating and changing password files to be used with VNC
realvncpasswd.real  – creating and changing password files to be used with VNC
realvncserver    – a X server for Virtual Network Computing
red  [tc-red]     – Random Early Detection
red               – text editor
rename            – renames multiple files
renice            – alter priority of running processes
reset             – terminal initialization
resize            – set TERMCAP and terminal settings to current xterm window size
rev               – reverse lines of a file
revpath           – generate a relative path that can be used to undo a change-directory
rfcomm            – RFCOMM configuration utility
rgb2ycbcr         – convert non-YCbCr TIFF images to a YCbCr TIFF image
rgrep             – print lines matching a pattern
rhythmbox         – music player and library for tagged files using GStreamer
rhythmbox-client  – controls a running instance of rhythmbox
rlogin            – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
rmiregistry       – Remote object registry
rpcclient         – tool for executing client side MS-RPC functions
rpcinfo           – report RPC information
rpl8              – Firmware loader for DVD drives
rsh               – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
rsync             – faster, flexible replacement for rcp
runcon            – run command with specified security context
run-mailcap       – execute programs via entries in the mailcap file
rview             – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
rvim              – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
s2p               – a stream editor
savelog           – save a log file
scanpci           – scan/probe PCI buses
scdaemon          – Smartcard daemon for the GnuPG system
scim              – smart common input method
scim-make-table   – generate data file for SCIM generic table module
scp               – secure copy (remote file copy program)
screen            – screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
screendump        – dump the contents of a virtual console to stdout
script            – make typescript of terminal session
scriptreplay      – play back typescripts, using timing information
scrollkeeper-config  – print ScrollKeeper configuration information
scrollkeeper-gen-seriesid  – generate a unique id for a document series for use in an OMF metadata file
scrollkeeper-preinstall  – gen an OMF file, based on a existing OMF file,that has a correct URL for a document
scrollkeeper-rebuilddb  – rebuild the scrollkeeper document catalog database
scrollkeeper-update  – identify new/modified/removed OMF files and update the scrollkeeper databases
sdiff             – side-by-side merge of file differences
sdptool           – control and interrogate SDP servers
secpolicy         – Views and sets PAM security policies.
see               – execute programs via entries in the mailcap file
select-default-iwrap  – Selects the user default ispell dictionary for use with ispell-wrapper
sensible-browser  – sensible editing, paging, and web browsing
sensible-editor   – sensible editing, paging, and web browsing
sensible-pager    – sensible editing, paging, and web browsing
seq               – print a sequence of numbers
serpentine        – an application for creating audio CDs
sessreg          – manage utmp/wtmp entries for non-init clients
setfdprm          – sets user-provided floppy disk parameters
setkeycodes       – load kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table entries
setleds           – set the keyboard leds
setlogcons        – Send kernel messages to console N
setmetamode       – define the keyboard meta key handling
setpci            – configure PCI devices
setsid            – run a program in a new session
setterm           – set terminal attributes
setxkbmap        – set the keyboard using the X Keyboard Extension
sftp              – secure file transfer program
sg                – execute command as different group ID
sha1sum           – compute and check SHA1 message digest
sha224sum         – compute and check SHA224 message digest
sha256sum         – compute and check SHA256 message digest
sha384sum         – compute and check SHA384 message digest
sha512sum         – compute and check SHA512 message digest
showcfont         – displays all characters in the current screen-font.
showchar          – show character with information
showkey           – examine the scan codes and keycodes sent by the keyboard
showrgb          – uncompile an rgb color-name database
shred             – overwrite a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it
size              – list section sizes and total size.
skill             – send a signal or report process status
slabtop           – display kernel slab cache information in real time
sliceprint        – slice documents with long lines.
slocate           – Security Enhanced version of the GNU Locate
slogin            – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
sloxwizard        – KDE Openexchange Wizard
smbcacls          – Set or get ACLs on an NT file or directory names
smbclient         – ftp-like client to access SMB/CIFS resources on servers
smbcquotas        – Set or get QUOTAs of NTFS 5 shares
smbget            – wget-like utility for download files over SMB
smbpasswd         – change a user’s SMB password
smbpasswd         – The Samba encrypted password file
smbspool          – send a print file to an SMB printer
smbtar            – shell script for backing up SMB/CIFS shares directly to UNIX tape drives
smbtree           – A text based smb network browser
smproxy          – Session Manager Proxy
snice             – send a signal or report process status
soelim            – interpret .so requests in groff input
sort              – sort lines of text files
sound-juicer      – GNOME-desktop CD ripper and player using GStreamer
speaker-test      – command-line speaker test tone generator for ALSA
splain            – produce verbose warning diagnostics
split             – split a file into pieces
splitfont         – extract characters from an ISO-type font.
spotlight2kvtml   – convert a Spotlight Online vocabulary list to a KVocTrain data file
ssh               – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
ssh-add           – adds RSA or DSA identities to the authentication agent
ssh-agent         – authentication agent
ssh-argv0         – replaces the old ssh command-name as hostname handling
ssh-askpass       – prompts a user for a passphrase using GNOME
ssh-copy-id       – install your identity.pub in a remote machine’s authorized_keys
ssh-keygen        – authentication key generation, management and conversion
ssh-keyscan       – gather ssh public keys
ssh-vulnkey       – check blacklist of compromised keys
startkde          – Starts up the KDE Desktop Environment
startx           – initialize an X session
stat              – display file or file system status
states            – awk alike text processing tool
strace            – trace system calls and signals
strfile           – create a random access file for storing strings
strings           – print the strings of printable characters in files.
strip             – Discard symbols from object files.
sudo              – execute a command as another user
sudoedit          – execute a command as another user
sum               – checksum and count the blocks in a file
superformat       – format floppies
superkaramba      – a program based on karamba improving the eyecandy of KDE.
sxpm              – Show an XPM (X PixMap) file and/or convert XPM 1 or 2 files to XPM 3.
synclient         – query/modify Synaptics TouchPad driver for XOrg/XFree86 server para’s on the fly.
syndaemon         – Monitors keyboard activity and disables the touchpad when the keyboard is being used.
tac               – concatenate and print files in reverse
tack              – terminfo action checker
tail              – output the last part of files
tasksel           – a user interface for installing tasks
tbl               – format tables for troff
tee               – read from standard input and write to standard output and files
telnet            – user interface to the TELNET protocol
telnet.netkit     – user interface to the TELNET protocol
temma             – Temma Takahashi driver for INDI telescope control
test              – check file types and compare values
testparm          – check an smb.conf configuration file for internal correctness
thumbnail         – create a TIFF file with thumbnail images
tic               – the terminfo entry-description compiler
tidy              – Utility to clean up and pretty print HTML/XHTML/XML
tiff2bw           – convert a color TIFF image to greyscale
tiff2pdf          – convert a TIFF image to a PDF document
tiff2ps           – convert a TIFF image to
tiff2rgba         – convert a TIFF image to RGBA color space
tiffcmp           – compare two TIFF files
tiffcp            – copy (and possibly convert) a TIFF file
tiffdither        – convert a greyscale image to bilevel using dithering
tiffdump          – print verbatim information about TIFF files
tiffinfo          – print information about TIFF files
tiffmedian        – apply the median cut algorithm to data in a TIFF file
tiffset           – set a field in a TIFF header
tiffsplit         – split a multi-image TIFF into single-image TIFF files
time              – run programs and summarize system resource usage
time              – overview of time
tload             – graphic representation of system load average
toc2cddb          – translates a TOC file of cdrdao(1) into a cddb file and prints it to stdout
toc2cue           – converts a TOC files of cdrdao(1) into a .cue file
toe               – table of (terminfo) entries
tomboy            – A simple note-taking application for Gnome
top               – display Linux tasks
toshset           – manipulate bios and hardware settings of Toshiba laptops
totem             – GNOME-desktop movie player based on the xine backend
totem-video-thumbnailer  – video thumbnailer for the GNOME desktop
touch             – change file timestamps
tput              – initialize a terminal or query terminfo database
tr                – translate or delete characters
tracepath         – traces path to a network host discovering MTU along this path
tracepath6        – traces path to a network host discovering MTU along this path
traceroute6       – traces path to a network host
troff             – the troff processor of the groff text formatting system
tsclient          – (unknown subject)
tset              – terminal initialization
tsort             – perform topological sort
tty               – print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input
tty               – controlling terminal
tzselect          – select a time zone
tzselect          – view timezones
ubuntu-bug        – file a bug against an Ubuntu package
ucf               – Update Configuration File: preserve user changes in configuration files
ucfq              – query the ucf database
ucfr              – Update Configuration File Registry: associate packages with configuration files
ucs2any           – generate BDF fonts containing subsets of ISO 10646-1 codepoints
udevinfo          – query udev device information
udevtest          – simulate a udev run and print the action to the console
ul                – do underlining
unexpand          – convert spaces to tabs
unicode_start     – put the console in Unicode mode.
unicode_stop      – put the console out of unicode mode (ie. in 8-bit mode).
uniq              – report or omit repeated lines
unlink            – call the unlink function to remove the specified file
unstr             – dump strings in pointer order
unzip             – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
unzipsfx          – self-extracting stub for prepending to ZIP archives
updatedb          – update the slocate database
updatedb.notslocate  – update a file name database
update-mime-database  – a program to build the Shared MIME-Info database cache
update-pciids     – download new version of the PCI ID list
uptime            – Tell how long the system has been running.
usbmodules        – List kernel driver modules available for a plugged in USB device
usbmodules        – List kernel driver modules available for a plugged in USB device
usb_printerid     – part of the printer driver foo2zjs
users             – print the user names of users currently logged in to the current host
uuidgen           – command-line utility to create a new UUID value
uxterm            – X terminal emulator for for Unicode (UTF-8) environments
v4ldriver         – Video4Linux Generic driver for INDI telescope control
v4lphilips        – Philips Webcam driver for INDI telescope control
vi                – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
view              – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
viewres          – graphical class browser for Xt
vim               – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
vimdiff           – edit two or three versions of a file with Vim and show differences
visualinfo        – displays GL extension and visual info
vmstat            – Report virtual memory statistics
vmware            – VMware SVGA video driver
vmware            – Intel x86(TM)-based virtual machine
vnc4config        – configure and control a VNC server
vnc4server        – start or stop a VNC server
vncconfig         – configure and control a VNC server
vncconnect        – tell a VNC server to connect to a viewer
vncpasswd         – creating and changing password files to be used with VNC
vncserver         – a X server for Virtual Network Computing
vncserver  [realvncserver] – a X server for Virtual Network Computing
vncviewer         – VNC viewer for X
volname           – return volume name
vt-is-UTF8        – check whether current VT is in UTF8- or byte-mode.
vumeter           – manual page for Gnome Volume Meter 2.1.0
w                 – Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
w3m               – a text based Web browser and pager
w3mman            – an interface to the on-line reference manuals by w3m(1)
wall              – write a message to users
watch             – execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen
watchgnupg        – Read and print logs from a socket
wc                – print the number of newlines, words, and bytes in files
wftopfa           – Convert a Wadalab base font to Postscript .PFA (or .PFB) format using ghostscript
Wget              – (unknown subject)
wget              – The non-interactive network downloader.
whatis            – display manual page descriptions
whereis           – locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
which             – locate a command
whiptail          – display dialog boxes from shell scripts
who               – show who is logged on
whoami            – print effective userid
whois             – client for the whois directory service
wodim             – write data to optical disk media
wpa_passphrase    – Generate a WPA PSK from an ASCII passphrase for a SSID
w.procps          – Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
write             – send a message to another user
wrjpgcom          – insert text comments into a JPEG file
www-browser       – a text based Web browser and pager
x0vnc4server      – VNC server which continuously polls an X display
x0vncserver       – VNC server which continuously polls an X display
x11perf          – X11 server performance test program
x11perfcomp      – X11 server performance comparison program
xargs             – build and execute command lines from standard input
xauth            – X authority file utility
xbiff            – mailbox flag for X
xbsh              – BeanShell: A Java scripting environment (windowed version).
xcalc            – scientific calculator for X
xclipboard       – X clipboard client
xclock           – analog / digital clock for X
xconsole         – monitor system console messages with X
xcursorgen       – create an X cursor file from a collection of PNG images
xcutsel          – interchange between cut buffer and selection
xdfcopy           – Program to copy and format Xdf disks in Linux
xdfformat         – Program to copy and format Xdf disks in Linux
xditview         – display ditroff output
xdpyinfo         – display information utility for X
xdriinfo         – query configuration information of DRI drivers
xev              – print contents of X events
xeyes            – a follow the mouse X demo
xfd              – display all the characters in an X font
xfontsel         – point and click selection of X11 font names
xgamma           – Alter a monitor’s gamma correction through the X server
xgc              – X graphics demo
xgettext          – extract gettext strings from source
xhost            – server access control program for X
xinit            – X Window System initializer
xkbcomp          – compile XKB keyboard description
xkbevd           – XKB event daemon
xkbprint         – print an XKB keyboard description
xkill            – kill a client by its X resource
xload            – system load average display for X
xlogo            – X Window System logo
xlsatoms         – list interned atoms defined on server
xlsclients       – list client applications running on a display
xlsfonts         – server font list displayer for X
xmag             – magnify parts of the screen
xman             – Manual page display program for the X Window System
xmessage         – display a message or query in a window (X-based /bin/echo)
xmkmf             – create a Makefile from an Imakefile
xml2po            – Creates a PO-template file from a DocBook XML file and merge it back into a (translated) XML file
xmlcatalog        – Command line tool to parse and manipulate XML or SGML catalog files.
xmllint           – command line XML tool
xmodmap          – utility for modifying keymaps and pointer button mappings in X
xmore            – plain text display program for the X Window System
Xorg              – X11R7 X server
xprop             – property displayer for X
xqxdecode         – Decode a XQX stream into human readable form.
xrandr           – primitive command line interface to RandR extension
xrdb             – X server resource database utility
Xrealvnc          – the X VNC server
xrealvncviewer    – VNC viewer for X
xrefresh         – refresh all or part of an X screen
xsane             – scanner frontend for SANE
xscreensaver-getimage  – put some randomly-selected image on the root window
xscreensaver-getimage-file  – put a randomly-selected image on the root window
xscreensaver-getimage-video  – put a video frame on the root window
xscreensaver-gl-helper  – figure out which X visual to use for GL programs
xscreensaver-text  – prints some text to stdout, for use by screen savers.
x-session-manager  – Starts up the GNOME desktop environment
xset             – user preference utility for X
xsetmode         – set the mode for an X Input device
xsetpointer      – set an X Input device as the main pointer
xsetroot         – root window parameter setting utility for X
xsltproc          – command line XSLT processor
xsm              – X Session Manager
xstdcmap         – X standard colormap utility
xsubpp            – compiler to convert Perl XS code into C code
xterm             – terminal emulator for X
x-terminal-emulator  – is a terminal emulation application.
xtrapchar        – XTrap sample clients
xtrapin          – XTrap sample clients
xtrapinfo        – XTrap sample clients
xtrapout         – XTrap sample clients
xtrapproto       – XTrap sample clients
xtrapreset       – XTrap sample clients
xtrapstats       – XTrap sample clients
xvidtune         – video mode tuner for Xorg
xvinfo           – Print out X-Video extension adaptor information
Xvnc              – the X VNC server
Xvnc4             – the X VNC server
xvncviewer        – VNC viewer for X
xwd              – dump an image of an X window
x-window-manager  – minimal GTK2 Window Manager
xwininfo         – window information utility for X
xwud             – image displayer for X
x-www-browser     – a Web browser for X11 derived from the Mozilla browser
xxd               – make a hexdump or do the reverse.
yelp              – browse system documentation
yes               – output a string repeatedly until killed
zdump             – time zone dumper
zenity            – display GTK+ dialogs
zip               – package and compress (archive) files
zipcloak          – package and compress (archive) files
zipgrep           – search files in a ZIP archive for lines matching a pattern
zipinfo           – list detailed information about a ZIP archive
zipnote           – package and compress (archive) files
zipsplit          – package and compress (archive) files
zjsdecode         – Decode a ZjStream into human readable form.
zsoelim           – satisfy .so requests in roff input 

Rick Donato

Want to become a Linux expert?

Here is our hand-picked selection of the best courses you can find online:
Linux Mastery course
Linux Administration Bootcamp
and our recommended certification practice exams:
AlphaPrep Practice Tests - Free Trial